J Agri Food Chem
Astaxanthin dosage Clinical studies on astaxanthin have tested a wide range of daily doses typically between 4mg and 12mg, though some trials extend up to 2040mg for short durations.11 36 38 45 Most human studies showing measurable benefits for oxidative stress, skin health, cognition, and eye comfort fall within the 612mg range.1 2 9 23 27 Doses at the higher end of that range appear to have the most consistent effects on markers of oxidative stress, such as MDA and increased SOD activity.22 37 Several studies examining exercise performance, sleep quality, cognition, and digital eye strain have also used 12mg daily.4 7 8 9 There is currently no official recommended daily intake for astaxanthin
Interestingly, the suppression of GLP-1 secretion by ketone bodies, such as -hydroxybutyrate, was shown to be sensitive to pertussis toxin, implicating the involvement of SCFA receptors, including GPR41/FFAR3 (Wallenius et al., 2020)
Johnson, S
This results in a short-acting and well-controlled profile , which is ideal for precise research designs