These compounds reduce central neuroinflammation by lowering interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-), and limiting oxidative stress ( On the other side, current trends in precision psychiatry aim to classify subpopulations of patients with inflammatory depression, characterized by elevated markers of inflammation, increased glucose and lipid levels, neurovegetative symptoms, anxiety or irritability, and suicidal ideation ( 4 GLP-1 receptor agonists and suicidality Semaglutide, dulaglutide, liraglutide, exenatide, and tirzepatide are administered daily or weekly, either by injection or in tablet form, with limited approval for children over 10 or 12 years of age, or only adults, for T2DM or weight reduction, offering additional benefits for the heart and kidneys
Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR was performed using the SYBR Green I Kit (Roche, Mannheim, Germany)
Note: = increased, = decreased
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Additional research is required to ascertain the variability in the risk of biliary diseases associated with GLP-1 RAs