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Serious but rare adverse effects include pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, acute kidney injury (usually secondary to dehydration from gastrointestinal symptoms), and hypoglycemia when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas

Resources on injection technique , timing , and thigh injection placement help ensure proper administration

"About 1 in 8 adult Americans has already used GLP-1 drugs

A recent review found that patients using GLP-1 medications may be at increased risk for 19: Low protein intake Reduced intake of key micronutrients like vitamin D, iron, and calcium Declines in vitamin B12 and thiamine (B1) over time In some cases, this may contribute to: Fatigue or low energy Loss of lean muscle mass Longer-term nutrient deficiencies, if not addressed This is not a reason to avoid these medications, but it does highlight the importance of dietary quality and intentional nutrition support from a qualified professional while using them

Noteworthy, when exposing these Gcdh -/- animals to high Lys chow, a further increase in the expression of these glutamate receptors and transporters occurred, implying the participation of the accumulating metabolites GA and 3OHGA in these effects