Moldy vitamins should Shanna Levine, MD, Mount Sinai Hospital not be consumed
Phase II neutralizes them by covalently attaching a conjugation group (glucuronic acid, glutathione, sulfate, acetyl, methyl, or amino acid) that increases polarity, reduces reactivity, and enables transport into bile or urine
Please contact your pet's veterinarian for any other questions you may have about cyanocobalamin and if it would be appropriate for your pet
Williams PG, Sears L, Watson WH et al (2025) Glutathione, Vitamin C, and Cysteine Use in Autistic Children With Disruptive Behavior: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Pilot Study
For many peopleespecially those over 50 or with common genetic mutationsthat conversion process is inefficient, meaning you're not getting the benefits you paid for