Rosa Suades, Sant Pau Institute for Biomedical Research, Spain Updates Copyright 2023 Das, Shruthi, Banerjee, Jothimani, Duttaroy and Pathak
Tirzepatide reduces appetite through GIP and GLP-1 receptor activation in appetite-regulating brain centers, working through physiologic satiety pathways
Its simple backbone provides stability against some digestive enzymes, and its specific amino-acid sequence enables direct interaction with immune cells
Consequently, when Nrf2 signaling is blocked, these indirect bone-protective effects of metformin may be diminished or inconsistent, contributing to the observed variability in trabecular bone outcomes in Nrf2 KO mice
An important note on NSAIDs: while ibuprofen and similar medications help with pain, some research suggests they may slightly impair bone healing