Primary Handling Editor: Christoph Schmitt, in collaboration with the Nature Metabolism team
The most recent systematic review, published last year in an orthopaedic journal, screened 544 papers and found one human study that qualified: a retrospective look at 12 people who had the peptide injected into an arthritic knee, seven of whom reported relief lasting more than six months
References Dimet-Wiley, A., Wu, Q., Wiley, J., Eswar, A., Neelakantan, H., Savidge, T., & Watowich, S
Be open to recommendations Your provider may recommend a course of injections, oral B12, or bothbased on whats best for your situation
You would need to draw twice, introducing additional error and contamination risk with each needle puncture