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To perform its protective functions, GSH depends on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) produced through the pentose phosphate pathway
This shift is crucial because the proinflammatory cytokines released by M1 microglia can exacerbate neuronal damage, whereas M2 microglia exert protective effects by promoting anti-inflammatory responses and repair processes (Jassam et al., 2017)
Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles and aliquot reconstituted stock for reproducibility
Two recent meta-analyses that pooled data from patients with end-stage renal disease found no benefit of B-vitamin supplementation on stroke outcomes (34, 35)
For control group, 180 l fresh culture medium and 20 l of sterile water were added
