The color change in melena stools comes from digestive enzymes and gut bacteria
Semaglutide activates GLP-1 receptors in the vagus nerve and enteric nervous system, slowing the migrating motor complex that normally clears the stomach every 90 to 120 minutes
Neuroprotective peptides (Cerebrolysin), monitor ganglion cell layer thickness via OCT and visual field

Lillys eloralintide (amylin receptor agonist), providing a potential option for Lilly to defend against amylin analogues, including Novo Nordisks CagriSema, which combines dual amylin and calcitonin receptor agonist cagrilintide and semaglutide, or Zealands petrelintide (phase 2) Structure Therapeutics GSBR-1290 (GLP-1), small molecule, oral obesity therapy, seeking to substantiate its earlier, positive phase 2a data to deliver competitive weight loss, against both other oral therapies and marketed injectables, with acceptable tolerability (phase 2b) Crucially, a number of phase 3 readouts in 2025 for key AOM assets will set the stage for their launch in 2026, when the next wave of AOMs enter the market to re-shape the competitive landscape: Lillys orforglipron (GLP-1), one of the first oral AOMs to launch, possibly alongside oral semaglutide, and when it does, the first small molecule based therapy in the market

Nat Chem Biol 13(2):150152 Azizi SA, Kathayat RS, Dickinson BC (2019) Activity-based sensing of S-Depalmitoylases: chemical technologies and biological discovery