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Increase fat burning metabolism

Prior to analysis, the XFe96 instrument (Seahorse Biosciences, North Billerica, MA, USA) mixed the assay media in each well for 10 minutes to allow the oxygen partial pressure to reach equilibrium

Studies with NR supplementation in PD or HF patients have provided indications of impacting mitochondrial function in peripheral tissues, although evidence for impacting mitochondria in the primary target tissues was not reported 318,319

Both O 2 and H 2 O 2 are considered as harmful to the cell and may induce oxidative DNA damage, ER stress and apoptosis

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis was conducted at ambient temperature using Bruker Avance spectrometers (400 MHz or 600 MHz)