In vitiligo patients, an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines typical of innate immunity, IL IL-1, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-15, and TNF-, is observed in both serum and skin.2,3 Damage-associated molecular patterns The Koebner phenomenon is considered an initial trigger for vitiligo
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This may seem obvious in isolation but, in toto , a number of constraints must be satisfied, and the likelihood of this occurring is greatly increased if the process can occur in a stepwise manner
ROS production can occur at several intracellular sites but, for most cells, takes place in the mitochondria and the mitochondrial electron transport chain is the main cellular process of ROS generation in physiological circumstances (14)
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