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Correcting a choline deficiency, for example, may restore normal liver function but that is a nutrient-correction benefit, not a pharmacological weight loss effect

Placebo-controlled phase 3 study of oral BG-12 for relapsing multiple sclerosis

Biochem Biophys Acta 1853:15131527 Qi W, Li J, Chain CY, Pasquevich GA, Pasquevich AF, Cowan JA (2013) Glutathione-complexed iron-sulfur clusters

The damage from freeze-thaw cycles comes from repeated freezing and thawing of the same solution, where ice crystals form, melt, reform, and melt again, each cycle physically stressing the peptide molecules

This is where the work of organizations like the Pernicious Anaemia Society is so important in bridging that gap and advocating for a more empathetic, scientifically-grounded, and flexible approach to patient care