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Patients have reported feeling a mild stinging or itching sensation during the treatment, but no pain
Other groups who may benefit include: Patients following gastric surgery (gastrectomy, bariatric procedures) where intrinsic factor production or absorption sites are compromised Individuals with malabsorption disorders such as Crohn's disease, coeliac disease, or chronic pancreatitis Strict vegans and vegetarians with dietary insufficiency, though oral supplementation is usually tried first Elderly patients with atrophic gastritis or reduced gastric acid production Patients on long-term metformin or proton pump inhibitors, which can impair B12 absorption [6] [8] Individuals with nitrous oxide exposure (recreational or medical), which can cause functional B12 deficiency Diagnosis typically involves serum B12 measurement, with levels below approximately 148 pmol/L (though thresholds vary between laboratories) generally indicating deficiency
12 weeks 5 vials 84 daily draws
Evolutionary Thinking in Medicine: From Research to Policy and Practice
[12] [13] What Bacteriostatic Water Is and Why It Is Used for Reconstitution Bacteriostatic water is sterile water containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol used to reconstitute lyophilised injectables
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