Several biological and chemical factors determine how long a peptide remains active or detectable in the body
Allen, M., Bailey, C., Cahatol, I., Dodge, L., Yim, J., Kassissa, C., Venketaraman, V
Sperm cells, in particular, are highly susceptible to oxidative stress because of their membranes rich PUFA content, coupled with a scarcity of antioxidant protections and a restricted ability for DNA repair
These established therapies should generally be considered first-line treatments unless contraindicated or ineffective for individual patients
Possible side effects are mild and may include slight redness or tenderness at the injection site, which typically resolves within a few hours