The serum NSE level in DPN patients is significantly higher than that in diabetes patients without neuropathy, and the serum NSE level is related to the severity or lesion stage of DPN
Clinicians should monitor patients for potential adverse effects including pancreatitis (severe, persistent abdominal pain), gallbladder disease (right upper quadrant pain), diabetic retinopathy complications (especially with rapid glucose improvement), acute kidney injury with dehydration, and hypoglycemia when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas
10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01200-X 15 HeerspinkH.SattarN.PavoI.HauptA.DuffinK
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Suppression of an ethanol withdrawal syndrome in rats by butyrate, lactate and beta-hydroxybutyrate