DermNet NZ , 2008 (updated 2025)
OXM was shown to increase cAMP production in Baby Hamster Kidney (BHK) cells transfected with rodent GLP-1R and GCGR, suggesting meaningful signalling through both receptors but was less potent than Exendin-4 at the GLP-1R (34)
It has been shown to upregulate pathways tied to collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, modulate metalloproteinase (MMP) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) balance, and support antioxidant effects, thereby contributing to matrix organization and structural stability in research settings
By optimizing Apelin signaling, we can potentially capture the metabolic benefits of fatty acid delivery inhibition without falling into the trap of muscle degradation
The STEP-HFpEF trial randomised 529 patients with obesity (BMI 30 kg/m 2 ), HFpEF (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] 45%) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II symptoms to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg or placebo