Unlike its chemical cousin hydroquinone, Arbutin is safe and has no negative side effects.
Each batch is verified for identity and purity using analytical techniques such as HPLC and mass spectrometry
Notably, however, the unstable product flavan-3,3,4-triol ( 4 ) is converted mainly into the by-products epidihydroquercetin ( 9 ), dihydroquercetin ( 10 ) and quercetin ( 11) 13 , while the transformation into the coloured anthocyanidin has only been observed as a minor side reaction in vitro 11,12,13 or in vivo by engineered microorganisms 6,16
You can follow these same simple habits without feeling overwhelmed
"There are basically no published human efficacy trials for BPC-157." Phillips says all he can find is one small safety study from a decade ago, and a trial that only started enrolling participants this past February