Dietary Deficiency: People following a strict vegan or vegetarian diet may have lower B12 intake since its found primarily in animal products
In terms of the suited rat behavioral models, we mentioned the counteracting potential of BPC 157 on both dopamine- (Zemba Cilic et al., 2021) and NO-systeminduced central disturbances (Zemba Cilic et al., 2021)
While oral pills can be sufficient for correcting minor, diet-related deficiencies, injections remain the gold standard for tackling significant shortfalls and managing medical conditions that get in the way of B12 uptake
Ethics declarations Competing interests SJW is the founder of Ridgeline Therapeutics, HN is a paid employee of Ridgeline Therapeutics and, since manuscript submission, ADW has also become a paid employee of Ridgeline Therapeutics
Early research and expert summaries suggest it may promote tissue regeneration by improving circulation in damaged areas