J Clin Endocrinol Metab 100(11):40374047 Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Antonelli A, Benvenga S (2017) Environmental issues in thyroid diseases
Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA/DHA) Zinc, selenium, folate, and vitamin D Antioxidants: coenzyme Q10, vitamin C, vitamin E Monounsaturated fats: olive oil, avocado Testosterone and balanced gonadotropins are necessary for spermatogenesis
It was originally developed to treat growth hormone deficiencies but has become popular in the worlds of anti-aging, bodybuilding, and recovery enhancement due to its extended half-life and stable release profile
Baseline hormone levels: Those with lower starting GH and IGF-1 typically respond more noticeably than those with already-optimal levels
Jannette Berkley-Patton, Ph.D., University of Missouri Kansas City (UMKC) Feb 03, 2026 TL1 Predoctoral Trainee Calissa Leslie-Miller, University of Kansas Jan 14, 2026 Frontiers Lauren S